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NASA has shared a video taken by the Solar Dynamic Observatory that gives the illusion of a smiling sun with dark spots. (Credit: @NASASun / Twitter)
NASA said Thursday that a new computer model that combines artificial intelligence with satellite data from government agencies could help prepare for dangerous space weather.
Called DAGGER (Deep Learning Geomagnetic Perturbation), the model uses technological tools to analyze spacecraft measurements of the solar wind and predict with 30-minute advance warnings where impending solar storms will hit Earth. To do.
An international team of researchers at the Frontier Development Lab say the model can generate predictions in less than a second, with predictions updated every minute.
The lab is a partnership that includes NASA, the US Geological Survey, and the Department of Energy.
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NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory captured this image of a solar flare on October 2, 2014. A solar flare is a bright flash at the top. A burst of solar material erupting into space can be seen just to its right. (Credit: NASA/SDO)
Scientists are using AI to look for links between the solar wind and geomagnetic disruptions, applying a method called “deep learning,” which trains computers to recognize patterns based on previous examples. was doing.
The model was tested against previous geomagnetic storms from August 2011 to March 2015, and DAGGER accurately predicted the impact of the storms. Previously, models used AI to predict specific locations, but DAGGER is the first to combine AI with real-world measurements to generate frequent and accurate predictions worldwide, according to NASA. It’s a company.
“This AI has made it possible to make fast and accurate global predictions and inform decision-making in the event of a solar storm. can even be prevented,” said Vishal Upendran of the Inter-University Center for Astronomy, Astrophysics of India, lead author of a paper on the DAGGER model published in the journal Space Weather, said in a statement.
This handout from the Solar & Heliospheric Observatory shows a massive solar eruption in progress on October 28, 2003. (Solar and Heliospheric Observatory/NASA via Getty Images)
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He said the computer code for the DAGGER model is open source and could be adopted by grid operators, satellite controllers, telecommunications companies and others to adapt the predictions to their specific needs. I was.
NASA says such work will provide enough time to prepare for the storm and prevent it from impacting power grids and critical infrastructure. He even said that one day, solar storm sirens could sound in power plants and satellite control centers around the world.
Geomagnetic storms ranging from mild to extreme can occur when the solar wind emitted from the Sun hits the Earth’s magnetic environment.
A screen grab taken from a handout time-lapse sequence provided by NASA/SDO captures a sun spot at the center of the Sun that emitted its first X-class flare in four years on February 14, 2011. increase. NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) probe has revealed the source of the strongest flares emitted by the Sun in four years, and the resulting geomagnetic storms could disrupt communications and electrical supplies when they reach Earth. This leads to a warning that the magnetic field. (NASA/Solar Dynamics Observatory via Getty Images)
In 1859, the most intense solar storm on record caused fires in telegraph offices, preventing messages from being sent.
Widespread blackouts, sustained blackouts, and disruptions to global communications will be felt even more strongly today, threatening safety around the world.
NASA also noted the increasing risk of geomagnetic storms as we approach the next “solar maximum” in 2025. This is the peak of the Sun’s 11-year activity cycle.
