Since the launch of Sputnik in 1957, space debris just increased. French thinker Viriglio once said that each technology brings a new type of accident. That is, before the advent of airplanes, there were no aviation accidents. The Space Race and the subsequent era of commercial satellites demonstrate this perfectly. Space technology has opened up endless possibilities, but today, with thousands of satellites orbiting the Earth, we run the risk of turning our immediate surroundings into a veritable dumping ground. Given that each piece moves at 22,300 miles per hour and all this junk could remain suspended in low earth orbit for centuries, the consequences would be catastrophic for scientific research and communication networks. It is easy to imagine. Fortunately, flipping Virilio’s reasoning, each technology also brings new solutions. This is the case with his ClearSpace 1. space junk cleaning technology project Along the lines of RemoveDebris mentioned a while ago.
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ClearSpace 1, towards a more sustainable outer space
The ClearSpace 1 approach has been in the hands of engineers for some time, but this year it finally reached agreement with the European Space Agency. The mission takes place in the year 2025 and the purpose is to remove debris from the Vega rocket that he launched in 2013. It’s a bulky piece, about 100 kilograms, similar in size to many satellites in orbit. Chosen.relatively simple concept—The vehicle is launched with several mechanical arms that trap the pieces in orbit. Once captured, a descent maneuver is initiated in which the spacecraft and junk debris disintegrate due to atmospheric friction. So to speak, a “suicide” mission.
ESA will invest €70 million in this project and turn it into a new platform for removing large objects in low earth orbit (LEO). A concern is that small pieces of debris could hit large, decommissioned satellites, creating debris clouds. These debris can collide with other satellites, causing an unstoppable proliferation of space debris. This phenomenon is known as the Kessler effect, after researcher Donald Kessler, who first formulated it in 1972. Fortunately, his ClearSpace 1 isn’t the only technology in development to solve this problem.
Other space cleaning strategies
In addition to mechanical arm systems, other strategies have been tried—From nets that catch floating debris and drag it into the atmosphere, to titanium harpoons that collect debris. But just like the trash here on Earth, the key seems to lie in pre-planning recovery and launching into orbit. As such, new generation satellites are expected to be equipped with various devices such as drag sails that will be deployed at the end of the satellite’s life cycle. These sails cause the satellite’s gradual descent until its final fall and collapse. Another option is to include magnetic anchor plates to facilitate collection by virtual space debris ‘tracks’.
These strategies are critical as there will be an estimated 57,000 satellites in orbit by 2029. Fortunately, unlike previous processes of industrialization, we have the knowledge and tools to solve situations before they accumulate. space debris become unsustainable.
sauce: ESA
